Genogram Paper

In the midst of memories within a person’s childhood, one cannot truly find out everything at a young age. Using a genogram however, allows me to figure out more about my family. Surprisingly, I found out so much about my roots that I never knew before. I also noticed a few health patterns and relationships I never knew where there. Nevertheless, I wanted to include my cousins but that would take more time and a few more paper. Let me take you on my journey in finding out what’s within my family. So I begin with my grandparents from both my mother and father’s side.My grandparents from my mother’s side both are in heaven. Interestingly enough they both passed on the 17th which is interesting; they were also a few years apart in age! I asked my mother if my grandparents had ancestors from places other than Dominican Republic; she stated my grandfather’s mother was Puerto Rican, and their parents migrated from Spain. Both of my grandparents had a lot of health issues. They both have had a history of asthma and problems breathing. My grandmother had more than one issue with her health. She had skin cancer and never attended to it.My grandmother was close with all of her nieces and nephews. I was really close with her and she was one of the people who inspired me with school. They eventually migrated to the United States but had all of their children in the Dominican Republic. My grandparents from my father’s side still live in the Dominican Republic. My grandfather was lucky enough to live as old as 93. He passed away due to old age. My grandmother is my only grandmother I have left and I wish I had more of a connection with her like I did with my mother’s grandmother. I feel it is due to the distance and not enough time spent together.In addition, my grandmother is 78 now and is almost 20 years apart from my grandfather. My grandparents in the Dominican Republic have lived longer that my grandparents from my mother ’s side. Both of my grandfather’s suffered from high blood pressure issues. There are few similarities I have noticed within the first and second generation in my family. For instance, everyone is Catholic. My brother is an Atheist, my sister now being baptized for Christianity, and me questioning the religions of the world. Another example is everyone being Dominican and being born and raised in that country.Majority of my aunts and uncles including my parents are married and still are married. Let’s move on to the second-generation portion of my genogram. My grandparents from my mother’s side had 11 kids. My grandparents from my father’s side had 6 children. My family, as I now realize, is really big. From my mother’s sisters, one of my aunts, I never got to meet because my grandmother lost her due to miscarriage. Amazingly enough, my other aunt named my cousin after her (Ivelisse). My mother is the youngest of the 11 children my grandmoth er had.My father is the middle child from his mother’s children; I feel this is why my father and I understand each other more compared to my mother. 7 of the 11 children from my mother’s siblings have the same genetics; by this I mean they all look alike in the face. One of my aunts passed away a few months ago in the summer due to asthma and other lung related problems. My other aunt, second youngest sibling from my mother’s side helped raised my siblings and I with her 5 children. 2 of the 11 siblings my mother has is having issues with asthma and high blood pressure; my mother is dealing with these health issues as well.My uncle, the oldest of the 11 siblings, along with my mother are the only ones with a college degree. Everyone else only completed high school and began working shortly after. From my father’s side, everyone but one of my Aunts was the only one to finish her college degree. Everyone else only completed high school. My father and her a re the only ones that moved to the United States. My father’s genetics are similar to all of his siblings; you can actually tell and would think they are six-tuplets by one look in the face. My father and my aunt with the college degree are the only ones married out of the 6.She was a nun before she went to school and I have an uncle from my father’s brothers who is a well-known priest in the Dominican Republic. The second-generation family from my father’s side is actually not as close and very distant from my siblings and I. I have one aunt that inspires the free spirit I have; we act exactly alike and look alike surprisingly. One of my aunts from my father’s sisters has been recently diagnosed with Breast cancer. She is now in chemotherapy and has only 24 months to live. It has taken a huge toll on my family.The expenses have become really tight, and I have noticed a frequent pattern when people in my family become ill. Since my parents make the most m oney from both sides, both families rely on them to provide most if not all the money for any expenses. Which brings me to my parents who have been marriage for 29 years. They had 3 beautiful children. I have a younger brother who is 20 and an older sister who is 25. I am 23, which makes us all 2-3 years apart from each other. I am the middle child and the one with the most motivation to continue school out of the 2 siblings I have.My sister and brother look alike and look just like my mother. I did notice however, I do have my mother’s smile. Out of the 3 my health issues are most related to my grandmother and mother who has had heart and problems with asthma. I am the only left-handed person in my whole family with the exception of my cousin from my mother’s side. My brother is considered to be the smartest child in my family, however, takes his time with school. My sister does not live with us because she married at the age of 19. She now lives in Tennessee and has a child named Mya who is four.I have a close relationship with Mya; I am basically fused with her and she makes my day. My mother also states that we look alike when I was little and she has the same high-pitched scream. My sister also has a longhaired Chihuahua who is 3 years old. My brother had a close but short relationship with my grandfather from my mother’s side. My sister is close with my father; but I feel it is only because she is the first born. My parents even though married for so long, have marital issues that are hostile. My mother has high expectations where my father has a relaxed idea of living life.My parents are also extremely strict; the rules they have had however, caused us 3 to rebel. My brother, my sister and I support each other a lot. I am the only one that I know is bi-sexual in my family. Similar to my grandmother, I had a miscarriage in the year 2009. The relationship my mother and I have is a love and hate thing; which leaves me closed to talk ab out my sexual history or sex in general. She did inspire me to work hard in everything I do and introduced me to psychology for my career. However, my brother and mother have a hostile relationship due to her expectation with school.My sister and I, along with my 4 cousins from my aunt (2nd oldest from my mother’s sisters), have a torn relationship with my uncle (3rd youngest from my mother’s siblings). My uncle used to live with my grandmother. He was my favorite uncle; I remember throwing a surprise birthday party for him because I knew he never celebrated. What I failed to realize at such a young age was that he sexually abused me along with my sister and female cousins. We all met for a sleepover at my house and reminisced about childhood memories and his name was brought up.I later than spoke with my mother about the situation and my mother completely ignored or was in denial that it occurred. She also stated that it was common for things like that to happen in th e Dominican Republic. This is when I knew she would never understand nor take my side because that was her brother. She still wanted me to say hi to him after everything he has done. This is where the family dynamic stands. It is not that I wanted her to take my side; however, as a daughter I wanted her protection regardless if he was related to us. Since my grandmother passed, my mother cut off her other brother completely and the family shifted.My mother does not speak to her sister who helped raised us do to her inconsistent motherly behavior. In my family, the pattern for parents was to work. For example, it breaks the stereotype that wives only stay home and take care of the house and children. There are a few things I have noticed. For one, the relationship between families have been somewhat slaughtered due to traumatic events. Another is that family members rely too much on each other, which then affects the newest members or the new generation to come. My mother has taken o n the role my grandmother had; causing her to have a lot of stress on top of the daily issues at home.Overall, the similarities and memories bring us together. My family is big and is growing more almost every year. Although there are issues, we manage to pull through somehow. With the 3rd generation, there are many differences due to the environment and the society we were associated with then and now in comparison to the 1st and 2nd generation. In addition there is a family secret about my grandparent’s from my mother’s side owning land somewhere. I’m willing to look into that more. Even though my family has so many issues, there is so much more exploring, much more establishing of relationships and new generations to be created.

Employing Strategy in a Competitive Environment Essay

Question # 1- Create an environmental scan for the company indicating the most significant environmental threats and discuss how the company should respond to each threat to ensure that the impact to the business is minimal. Companies and industries are constantly impacted by their surroundings. For example, â€Å"all companies operate in a macro environment shaped by influences [including threats] emanating from general economic conditions; population demographics; societal values and lifestyles; legislation and regulations; technology; and closer to home the industry and competitive environment in which the company operates (Thompson, Strickland, & Gamble, 2010, p.56). Companies have an inner and outer ring in their macro environment. Happenings in the outer or inner ring of their macro environment may occur rapidly or slowly, sometimes even without advanced knowledge or warning. However, the major forces and factors that can have the largest impact on shaping the strategy of a company will normally pertain to the company’s â€Å"immediate industry and competitive environment–the actions of rival firms, buyer behavior, supplier related considerations, and so on† (Thompson, et al., 2010, p.57). All of the major influences and threats will be discussed below. This discussion will include how Sky Renovations Inc. (SRI) will respond to each threat to ensure that the impact on the business is kept at minimal. Economic Conditions Today’s economic conditions are a great advantage for SRI. Because of the current foreclosure market, there is more property that is available to enable SRI to renovate, rent, and resale properties. There are so many different stages and types of foreclosures, including the pre- foreclosures, the auctions, and the real estate owned (REO) properties, SRI will have no problem finding its market niche (Caplin, 2004). Population Demographics The current population demographics show that there are many† baby boomers† that are in the process of retiring. Some of these â€Å"baby boomers† have been life-long tenants. Some of these people will be first time home buyers and some will be in the process of purchasing another home, where a prior home may have been loss during the past economic turnover. â€Å"Demographics are not quite destiny but do exert a powerful influence on future housing demand† (Belsky, 2009, p. 99). SRI will make sure that population demographics will be carefully considered in all operations and expansions within the company. Societal Values and Lifestyles Societal values and lifestyles will determine the very existence and expansion of SRI. The determination of how clients and customers choose to live will determine the profitability of the company. SRI must make sure that its core values, mission statements, and vision statements coincide with the society’s values and lifestyles for this specific era. A strategic vision will point SRI in the desired direction, plan SRI’s strategic path, and form its organizational identity (Thompson, et al., 2010). Legislation and Regulations SRI must be very sensitive to the legislation and regulations that will be surrounding the foreclosure and real estate markets. These laws and regulations will determine SRI’s competitive advantage over other companies entering the market. Since much of SRI’s business depends on its ability to buy property at a discount and sell or rent this property at a discount or affordable price, SRI much stay abreast to and legislative and regulative changes in regard to the real estate and renovations industry. Technology Technology is changing at such a rapid pace. SRI must keep the accurate, proper, up-dated computer equipment, and websites to make sure that SRI’s presence and availability is accessible to any client or potential clients. These technological up-dates must be done on a regular and consistence basis. This will give SRI a physical and web presence on a local, national, and international level. The factors, issues, and occurrences that are found in a company’s industry and competitive environment should be considered the strongest of the external threats.†However, the factors and forces in a company’s macro-environment having the biggest strategy-shaping impact typically pertain to the company’s immediate industry and competitive environment-the actions of rivals firms, buyer behavior, supplier-related conditions, and so on† (Thompson, et al., 2010, p. 57).

Enviromental Science - Water Quality Parameters Movie Review

Enviromental Science - Water Quality Parameters - Movie Review Example However, group 3 found a turbidity value of 30 downstream and group 4 found a turbidity value of 40 upstream. Temperature – the temperature of the water in the stream is within the normal temperature range. Water is cooler upstream than downstream meaning that metabolism activities in the stream are in the normal range. Temperature also affects reproductive activities in the stream and life cycles in general. Dissolved oxygen – it is the mass of oxygen present in the water, and its units are parts per million (ppm) or milliliter per Liter. The average dissolved oxygen of 7ppm means that the mass of oxygen in the water is within the required range for aquatic life. The values of 5.6 ppm and 5.2 ppm for dissolved oxygen upstream and downstream respectively shows that oxygen levels are lower than average. The amount of dissolved oxygen may be affected by temperature, flow of water, aquatic plants and altitude. Percentage Saturation – the percentage saturation is 62.2% upstream and 59% down stream. This is an indication of high metabolic activities in the stream that result in the production of by-products that increase the saturation of salts in water. This is a key parameter that lowers the water quality in the stream. PH – the pH of water in the stream is extremely crucial. It affects the ecosystem and toxicity of the water. The average pH of water in a stream is 6 – 7. The pH of water in the stream is 8.05 upstream and 7.9 downstream. This pH levels are suitable for aquatic life in the stream. Phosphate (ppm) - phosphate is a limiting nutrient which means that it is in short supply compared to nitrogen. The stream has low phosphate values of 1.6 and 1.4 for upstream and downstream

An Analysis of Amazon E-commerce Business Research Paper

An Analysis of Amazon E-commerce Business - Research Paper Example In the past few years, the field of information technology has experienced an incredible speed of growth. Additionally, these advancements and developments in information technology have brought a lot of changes in the ways people understand, think and carry out tasks in the 21st century. No doubt, information technology has a serious influence over almost all the parts of our life for the reason that it plays a significant role in every walk of life. On the other hand, this amazing growth of information and communication technology has made it necessary for the businesses to make efficient and useful use of innovative tools and technologies with the purpose of surviving in this ever-increasing competitive world. However, the implementations of this modern technology cannot bring perfection in the organizational performance if they are not efficiently planned and implemented (Ellahi and Manarvi). Additionally, the ways individuals and business organizations carry out their everyday activities and survive in the twenty-first century are determined by means of the massive network of countless networks (comprising all the kinds of networks such as LANs, MANs, WANs etc.) that is normally known as the Internet. In addition, without limitations and restrictions throughout the world presence of the Internet for carrying out personal as well as business related tasks such as business deals between consumers and organizations is the basic reason behind the creation of a most attractive trend that is known as the electronic commerce (or simply e-commerce). In this scenario, define electronic commerce as an innovative process of buying and selling services and goods and products. (i.e. performing all the kinds of dealings) electronically by making use of electronic or computer based systems over the Internet, networks, and other digital technologies†. Though, e-commerce is not lim ited to just some of the business dealings but it also involves a lot of other activities that relate to those business transactions including business advertising, marketing, processing payment and offering customer support. In fact, by replacing formal and traditional manual and paper-based methods of business management with electronic methods, as well as through superior information flows in most modern and dynamic ways, electronic commerce does not just provide the businesses and customers with a potential to increase speed of the business processes such as ordering, payment for products, delivery, services and goods but also diminishes the working and supply and delivery related expenses of the businesses (Laudon and Laudon 25). In order to support the e-commerce related activities the Internet offers a wonderful technology known as the World Wide Web (WWW) that is a widespread place for carrying out e-commerce activities, building and implementing most recent tools and techno logies for the businesses to stay in touch with each other and their partners and customers (Norton 371). This report is based on a detailed analysis of a large e-commerce business. For this purpose I have chosen e-commerce business platform ‘Amazon’. In this report, I will discuss an overview of this retail business platform with respect to various other features such as how this e-commerce solution creates competitive advantage for the firm, investigation of how the business unit approached e-commerce solution, e-commerce solutions strategy and what were desired and actual outcomes. In the last, I will also present a set of recommendations. Before we present an overview the Amazon’s e-commerce business, we should be well familiar with the concepts that are associated with e-commerce. The discussion of these concepts will help us better understand

Journal Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Journal - Article Example Statistics indicate that homeownership among the young people who are through with college and whom are under 35 years of age has reduced from 43% to 36% from 2004 and this is a massive decrease. Even though with the reduction in inflation the debts are bound to be reduced, this is just a speculation and is yet to be fulfilled. The government should be encouraging an increase in homeownership amongst the younger generation and they should start with reduction of the interest rates in college loans. The increase in interest is discouraging those aspiring to join college to pull back as they foresee a future with no other development other than student loan repayment which is bad for the economy in future. Even though the college student loan comes as a savior for most families that cannot afford college education, it is still a burden people are continually afraid of and it drains their morale of development leading homeownership for example for old people who are not bound to enjoy more. Mitchell, J. (June 20th, 2014). â€Å"Student Debt Takes a Toll on Some Home Buyers.† The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved from:

Values and Ethics in the workplace Research Paper

Values and Ethics in the workplace - Research Paper Example As such, this paper seeks to explore the significance of values and ethics in the workplace. The paper starts by explaining the meaning of these two interrelated concepts. The main body of the paper will attempt to illustrate how these concepts influence group behaviour as well as performance in an organization. Basically, values represent convictions that â€Å"a specific mode of conduct or end state of existence is personally or socially preferable to an opposite or converse mode of conduct or end state of existence,† (Robbins, 1993, p.171). They contain a judgemental element in that they carry an individual’s ideas as to what is right, good or desirable. On the other hand, values are described as the â€Å"essential and enduring tenets† that help define the company and are â€Å"not to be compromised for financial gain or short term expediency,† (DesJardins, 2006, p. 5). In simple terms, values are treated as beliefs that often incline businesses to act in certain ways in order to distinguish themselves from other organizations. It should be noted that values range from financial, religious as well as political factors among others. These shape the operations of business towards the attainment of its set goals. However, the concept of values goes hand in hand with the concept of ethics which is particularly concerned with serving the ends of human well being. It is generally believed that the concept of ethics mainly derive from the value system that exists among members of a certain group of people. This value system helps to distinguish one group from the other. This also helps to shape the policies of companies in different places. Ethics refers to values, principles and standards that operate within a certain business and these attempt to make a distinction between something that is morally good from bad (Rossouw, 2004). The concept of ethics is developed from the value system obtaining from a business set up. Therefore, it ca n be seen that these two concepts are somehow interrelated since they play a significant role in shaping the behaviour of the workers in their respective workplaces. Though they are not synonymous, they play a pivotal role in moulding the behaviour of the employees in a certain organization. Thus, in a bid to create a high performing culture in the workplace, values and ethics in the organization ought to be given special consideration since they are very important in shaping the behaviour of members belonging to that company. Carrel (1995) posits to the effect that values are a representation of a particular type of conduct that is preferred by the people belonging to a certain organization. This shapes the behaviour of people and it also helps them to make a distinction between something that is good from bad. Values also shape the perceptions possessed by employees in a given organization about different aspects that affect their lives. Since values are shared by all people withi n a given organization, it can be noted that they play a very important role in promoting group cohesion given that people belonging to that group will share a common understanding towards the goals and objectives of the organization. Emphasis in the organization will be based on the notion of collective identity where members of a particular group are identified as similar rather than focusing on individual interests. Therefore, it can be noted that these shared values in an organization influence the employees to pull their efforts towards the same direction and this can help the

Anthropology (Last of the Neanderthals) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Anthropology (Last of the Neanderthals) - Essay Example Therefore the original geographic range of the Neanderthals extended to northeastern Europe. They most probably have gotten this information on geographic range and population through fossils excavated in specific areas that qualified as a part of the past geographic area for Neanderthals, or perhaps any new site. Mitrochondrial DNA must have been extracted from the fossils and if the results match the ones previously found from Neanderthals, then such a case is documented. In order to determine the population estimate, the size of the geographic area as well as the possible number of inhabitants or communities might be taken into consideration. 2. What does the genetic evidence reveal about the relationship between modern humans and Neanderthals? Discuss the significance of this evidence (use at least two examples)? Do you think modern humans and Neanderthals interbreed? Why or why not? Geneticist Svante Paabo disagreed that there was interbreeding between Neanderthals and humans. Using a 40,000-year-old arm bone from the original Neanderthal man, Paabo and his colleagues found â€Å"a tiny 378-letter snippet of mitochondrial DNA (a kind of short genetic appendix to the main text in each cell† (Hall), which revealed DNA that was totally different from those found in humans. Moreover, the fact that â€Å"it was too rare to leave a trace of Neanderthal mitochondrial DNA in the cells of living people† (Hall) further strengthens Paabo’s claims. Another significant genetic evidence concerning Neanderthals was the discovery of the Neanderthal pigmentation gene MC1R in October 2007. This indicated that â€Å"at least some Neanderthals would have had red hair, pale skin, and, possibly, freckles† (Hall). On the possibility of interbreeding, I rather agree with the views of Svante Paabo that it might have been impossible. Otherwise, there would have been hybrids of humans and Neanderthals which might look distinct from its

North Korea Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

North Korea - Essay Example According to estimates by The United States Bureau of East Asian and Pacific Affairs the GDP (Gross Domestic Product) of North Korea is 24.8 Billion U.S. Dollars which works out to a Per capita GDP of approximately $1,800. However it I expressly stated that these are merely estimates based on incomplete data. With this incomplete data in hand one can draw a few conclusions. Firstly the economy has trades primarily in raw materials such as mining products, agriculture and fisheries. Secondly the company spends a tremendous amount of money on military expenditures which not only is a direct draw on state financial resources (Which could also be directed towards economic development) but it also removes a significant number of people who could spend their time performing more economically valuable activities. According to Hardin (2009) over the last decade there was a small influx of private enterprise within the country which ultimately ended up employing about half of the working popu lation. However, the article went on to argue that the government implemented policies that greatly restricted the freedoms of these markets because of a perceived lack of control over these forces. It was argued by Sang-Hun (2009) that this specific action represents a kind of ‘shock therapy’ to crack down on black market trading that undermines the control of the government.

Robert Browning Essay Essay Example for Free

Robert Browning Essay Essay Browning gave life to the dramatic monologue and made it a distinctive and memorable poetic form. Browning was fascinated with human behaviour, particularly the darker side of humanity and he believed that the dramatic monologue enabled him to create very powerful masks and ‘tell the truth obliquely’. As we become aware that the characters are wearing masks, the layers of artifice or self-deception is where the real persona exits. Browning’s poems open the minds of his readers, allowing for exploration and the discovery of the dark side of human nature: in the context of his dramatic monologue, character revelations are discovered. In Robert Browning’s, My Last Duchess we are introduced to a rich, arrogant and authoritarian Duke of Ferara. Browning immediately establishes the technique apostrophe as the Duke begins to speak to an unseen character about his late wife. The Duke displays feelings of nervousness towards the death of his wife but also speaks in a revengeful and controlling tone. In comparison to the Duke is a young man who is tormented by an elderly man’s light blue eye in the short story ‘The Tell Tale Heart’ by Edger Allan Poe. Both main characters share personality flaws of the need for control over others and the lust for power and authority. Edger Allan Poe and Robert Browning demonstrate the use of an emerging theme in the Victorian era, ‘Goth’. This theme creates an externalisation of the composer’s characters, revealing their deepest passions and fears and the hunger for triumph of evil over good. Browning and Poe share the same love for the dark side of human nature and use the gothic theme to inject personality traits of insanity and madness into their characters. In the first sentence of ‘Tell Tale Heart’, the young man admits to being dreadfully nervous and asks us ‘but why would you think I’m mad?’ This immediately plants ideas of insanity and irrationalism in Poe’s character. Poe uses pathetic fallacy as a metonym as he speaks of the ‘night time darkness’ and with the quote â€Å"my secret deeds or thought†, this creates ideas of ‘the madness within’. Browning also taps into the thoughts of a madman in the characterisation of the Duke. The Duke speaks in favouritism of himself with high order and authority in his tone of voice. The Duke is blinded by his faults of vicious pride and revengeful jealousy over the lack of control in his Last Duchess and this  allows the audience to unravel the Dukes flaws and discover the villain that lay beneath. In the quote â€Å"This grew; I gave commands; Then all smiles stopped together†, gives off the idea that the Duke enforced high power and control over his Duchess and uses double entendre to imply two possible meanings to his ideas of ‘then all smiles stopped’. Browning combines the contrasts of love and passion with violence and power to enable the depiction of a lovers mind. He reveals the macabre and grotesque side of a human’s urgency for companionship which in turn leads to insanity and madness in the eyes of a lover. â€Å"Youre the brother I never had. Im the brother you never had. I would do anything for you, Dickie†, is a quote from the film ‘The Talented Mr Ripley’; the story of a man named Tom Ripley who befriends a man names Dickie Greenleaf, becoming deeply infatuated by him and as Tom’s obsession grew it led to the grotesque murder and assumed identity of Dickie. This macabre murder performed by a jealous, love-crazed man can be presented in comparison with Robert Browning’s, ‘Porphyria’s Lover’; the first person recount of an anonymous narrator who kills his lover with her own hair. Both texts explore the urgency for everlasting human companionship that is driven by a lover’s madness. Porphyria’s lover uses powerful imagery, ‘shoulder bare’ and alliteration in ‘perfectly pure’ when he speaks of her beauty. Symbolism is also displayed in the name Porphyria which means rich and red in colour. This can symbolise either the grotesque murder of the Lover or the delicate but deep love expressed through Browning’s character. There is also the question of Tom Ripley’s sexuality. He is self-hating and ashamed as he stumbles about his desire for Dickie and tries to repress his sexual impulses. Empty and absent to himself, Ripley doesn’t merely want to poses the object of his affection, he wants to be him. In the quote, â€Å"I always thought itd be better to be a fake somebody than a real nobody†, shows Tom’s yearning to become a person of significance, someone to be sort after and loved. He shows personality traits of a psychotic man who would do anything to have a sense of belonging and purpose in life even if it meant assuming the identity of another to compensate for the loss of self- love within him. Browning invites his audience to uncover the real sense of truth  in his character’s situations that they do not discover themselves. He creates disequilibrium between what the speaker reveals about himself and thinks is the truth. The Soliloquy of the Spanish Cloister and Doug Liman’s,’ The Bourne Identity’ are excellent examples of two strikingly vague men who are deceived by their own faults and follies and are unable to justify their real character traits. In the poem, Soliloquy of the Spanish Cloister, Robert Browning creates a nameless Spanish monk full of hypocrisy and jealousy. Throughout the poem, this monk expresses opinions of both himself and a fellow monk. Yet these opinions are not what the monk really thinks of himself as can be deciphered by a closer examination of the text. The monk, who is the speaker of the poem, attempts to convince the reader that he is a just, moral man. However it becomes apparent to the audience that this monk carries many hidden flaws that he reveals to us throughout his ranting. An example is shown in stanza 4 as our deceitful monk describes a scene of two nuns, washing their hair outside. The monk accuses Brother Lawrence of lusting after them. However in the quote That is, if hed let it show suggests there is no actual evidence of such thoughts of Brother Lawrence, revealing that the speaker, alone, noticed a need for such lust. In contrast the fictional character and protagonist Jason Bourne is a very quick-thinking, linear type of person who moves quickly and brutally towards his goal. He gives the impression of someone who has been severely traumatized. Jason Bourne was on a search for his own identity and discovered the worst. Bourne reveals about himself that he is a grotesque assassin and he begins to run from the horrible truth but we as the audience are able to see what he is truly like and that as he runs away from the truth, Bourne is bringing the audience closer to the real truth of his identity. He tries to convince himself of who he isn’t, ‘I dont wanna know who I am any more, everything I found out, I want to forget’.

Chem Lab Word Determination of the Gas Constant R Essay Example for Free

Chem Lab Word Determination of the Gas Constant R Essay Applying the Combined Gas Law Values of Standard Temperature and Pressure 15 of 19 Determining the value of V2 This value is then converted into moles in order to be applied to determine the gas constant, R. Determining the Gas Constant,R using the Ideal Gas Law 16 of 19 Calculating the Percenta 17 of 19 ge Error Conclusion and Evaluation Conclusion Based on the collected raw data and calculations, the Gas Constant (R) was determined. Calculations were done for all of the three trials and averaged for the most precise value for the Gas Constant. Random errors and uncertainties were to be educed through this process as well. Although all three trials were processed using the same materials and method, the experimental values of the Gas Constant were slightly different. The difference is most likely due to the altered vales such as the temperature, volume, and mass of the variables as these are all determinants of the reaction. According to the collected raw data, the average of the Gas Constant values for three trials is 8. 43L kPa K-1 mol-l, along with the Percentage Error of 1. 44% in comparison to the actual value. In this specific lab work, the Percentage Errors for ach trials are significant as they are relatively low values. This depicts that the Gas Constant values derived from the raw datas are somewhat close to the actual value of Gas Constant. Nevertheless, the Percentage Difference of the averaged value and the actual value is significantly larger than the Percentage uncertainty. This suggests random errors occurred and possible systematic error, causing the deviation of the calculated values from the actual value of Gas Constant. Evaluation Significance of the error Suggested improvements Assumption made for certain values For the calculation, the temperature

Mission statement summarizes companys strategies for achieving its goals

Mission statement summarizes companys strategies for achieving its goals Introduction A corporate formal mission statement summarizes a companys strategies for achieving its goals, by stating the important goals that its employees must strive to meet (David, 2009). It is a statement that states the reason why a company exists and states a companys purpose in the business world. Constructing a formal mission statement that explains a companys interest in the market world is among the most difficult tasks that an executive committee leader faces. In this paper, Coca-Colas formal mission statement will be evaluated by comparing the core values, suppliers, products and services, markets, shareholders, employee and customers concern for profitability and philosophy. Coca Colas Mission Statement Coca Colas mission statement is to maximize shareowner value over time. Its strategic business objectives are to expand its production volume, expand its share of worldwide nonalcoholic ready to drink beverage sales, improving its economic profits and economic value and lastly to maximize the long term cash flows. In order to achieve its mission statement, Coca Cola Company has taken the initiative of creating value when serving its constraints which includes its customers, its bottlers and the community. The company explains that its mission of existence is to refresh and benefit anyone that uses its products. According to Dess et al (2007), evaluating a companys mission statement involves conducting a research on whether the mission statement fulfills the following conditions; if it focuses on fulfilling the companys need rather than focusing on the product, clear and easily understood by all, it explains how it will serve its customers, based on the companys strengths, motivates and inspires it employees, realistic and fits in the current market situations and lastly if it is specific, short and states what the company wants to be remembered for in the future (Thompson et al, 2007). A company must redefine its formal mission statement after a considerable time so that it does not lose its credibility in defining the definite course for a company. Without a formal mission statement, a company may lose track and drift according to the pressures in the business environment. Viljoen Dann (2003) stated that for a company to stay focused in the business environment, it should have a clear and a concise formal mission statement. Coca Cola company mission statement defines the business and this can be depicted from the amount of sales that is realized in the company. Its mission was to get access to all persons by making them enjoy their products. Its local marketing strategy enables Coca Cola Company to listen to all voices around the world and this has contributed to making beverages that can be consumed by any person, anywhere depending on personal preferences and occasions. The company is not only determined to make great drinks for its customers, but it also contributes to communities in the local market through involvements in education, diversity, health and wellness. In order to achieve its mission statement, Coca Cola company has come up with visionary goals and articulate corporate philosophy which includes; being a great place to work for its employees, bringing a portfolio of different brands that satisfies peoples needs and desires, building mutual loyalty with its partners, being a fast moving organization and highly effective, maximizing returns to shareholders while at the same time being mindful of their responsibilities and lastly being a global citizen that brings a difference in the market. The companys mission statement can be perceived to be effective basing on the fact that it has established a wide range of markets and consumers. According to Woo and Cooper (2002), a companys mission statement is perceived to be effective and appropriate if it fulfills its goals such as fulfilling its community and customers needs and desires. The company has produced a nonalcoholic beverage that caters for each and every customers need, financial status, occasion and preference. The corporate level is the highest level in any organization. According to White (2004), corporate managers have the duty to address issues pertaining to overall organization, decision making and planning strategy which affect the other levels in the organization. Marketing involves strategic planning in all levels of an organization (Corner, 2004). Grand et al (2011), defines strategic marketing as marketing activities that affect the business, corporate and marketing strategic plans. The marketing activities try to involve everyone in the organization towards achieving the companys mission statement, goals and objectives. It helps organizations to execute a marketing philosophy that can be applied through the planning process (Jones et al, 2007). According to Grant (2010), a companys vision specifies what the company wants and how it plans to achieve that. Hill et al (2007), indicates that a comprehensive vision should state a companys market, objectives, desired public image, core values and basic companys basic philosophy. Most organizations developed a mission statement to communicate their corporate vision to the interested parties. A mission statement then becomes an important element that can be used in the strategic planning process because it specifies the boundaries under which a business operates. According to Grant (2010), the Coca Cola Company being the leading distributor, manufacturer and marketer of nonalcoholic beverages in the world, has an efficient personnel who make all this achievable. It the worlds largest producer, marketer and distributor of coca cola products and it operate in more than 200 countries worldwide. Strategic management, as defined by Hamel (2002), is the process that identifies a companys objectives and mission statement and developing policies and plans that can be used to achieve the objectives. It provides a guideline to those in the managerial position to work towards accomplishing an organizational goals and objectives. It is the highest managerial activity that is performed by an organizational chief executive officer (CEO). Strategic management deals with study of functions and responsibilities of those in the managerial position in the organization (Lewis et al, 1999). A companys CEO undertakes strategic monitoring in the company, to check t he progress of the company toward achieving its goals and assessing whether the company needs any modification to arrive at its goals (Hill et al 2007). According to Mintzberg et al (1998), having knowledge on strategic management helps the CEO to be in a position to know his business environment and how to control it, know how to manage and understand how policies can be formulated to achieve the companys goals. Coca Cola Company is headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia and its current CEO is Muhtar Kent, U.S. Kent has worked in the Coca Cola Company for a long period and when he ran Coca Colas international units, it accounted to 83% profit and sales value of more than $20 billion (Grant 2010). He joined the Coca Cola Company in Atlanta in the year 1978 and has held a lot of operational roles in his career. Between the years 1995 and 1998, he served as a managing director of the coca cola Amtil-Europe Company and covered operations in 12 countries. He was then named president and chief operating officer of the Coca Cola Company in Northern Asia, Middle East and Eurasia from the year 2005 till 2006 (Grant 2010). He served as the international president through the year 2006 until when he was appointed the Chief Executive Officer on 1st July, 2008. He succeeded Neville Isdell who was at the post. Under his leadership, various Coca Cola bottler companies experienced extra ordinary growth, over 250 percentage increase in the market capitalization and triple digit growth in different financial sectors. He has then joined as a chairman of board of directors in Coca Cola Company on 23rd April, 2009 (Grant, 2010). Evaluation of a CEO Performance According to Johnson et al (2005), a successful CEO is one who is available to subordinates and is able to relate with his or her organization in a trusted way. This extends to the way he/she conducts himself/herself to the public, its employees, suppliers and customers. Grant (2010) argues that he/she should be able to motivate the employees in an effective way so that they can work towards fulfilling the customers needs and desires. A good operational organization should have a CEO who can be looked upon by the other members of staff for decision making process. Liebeskind (2006) indicates that the performance assessment of a CEO can be done by observing the management system in an organization. A good CEOs performance will be reflected in the companys overall performance in the global market as it competes with the others. This requires a transparent communication concerning a companys progress with its customers, suppliers, employees, media and shareholders. It has been observed that Coca Colas CEO performs well in his position. He does this by promoting business care internally. According to Evens and Wurster (2007), a good performing CEO should place highlights to its employees in a persuasive manner, by motivating them to work towards achieving the companys goals and most importantly along the mission statement. The employees should also be motivated to work towards fulfilling the needs of the customer and this is what is seen in Coca Colas CEO. The CEO also engages the financial sector by focusing on the interest of the shareholders. He has engaged proactively with their major investors, bankers and insurers on issues that affect the companys innovation and business opportunities (Grant 2010). He has also articulated purpose, principle and values both internally and externally. He does this by communicating and behaving in a manner that is consisted with the companys proposed values, purpose and mission statement. The CEO makes sure that he holds regular meetings with his employees, interacted well with his business associates, holds dialogues and communication with the stakeholders and organizing for annual reports and other corporate publications. Shareholders It is observed by Barney (2001), that Coca Cola Companys mission statement drives and focuses on the interest of the shareholders. The companys CEO has identified several long tern objectives that maximize share owners value over time. The companys shareholders congratulates the efforts of the CEO who has seen that the company involves them in the decision making process. The Coca Cola Company as argued by Grant (2010) has committed itself to supporting the community in various ways such as; ensuring access to clean water and environment and providing employment opportunities which promotes economic growth. Suppliers According to White (2004), the principal raw material used by Coca Cola Company in United States is corn syrup, a form of sugar that is found from different local and domestic sources. The raw material that is used by the soft drink industry outside United States is sucrose which is also available from different sources. The managers have been observed to maintain a good relationship with its suppliers who contribute to the good performance of the company. Coca Cola Company has employed methods such as minority ownership and strategic alliances to improve and secure god and fruitful relationship with its suppliers (White 2004). Employees The employees at Coca Cola Company enjoy the benefits that the company offers. White (2004) argues that the company has initiated the use of total quality management system (TQM), which requires a well trained workforce that participates fully in ensuring the companies goals and objectives are achieved as stipulated in the companys mission statement. Such participations are usually reinforced by rewarding the employees and taking them through training programs (Nag et al, 2007). The employees of Coca Cola Company state that the ongoing education and training program in the company has helped them improve their knowledge, skills and the quality of work they produce, and makes it easy for the company to realize the objectives stipulated in the mission statement. The CEO of Coca Cola company has ensured that its employees are encouraged to be more responsible, communicate effectively and that they act creatively and innovatively. According to Thompson (2007), people mainly behave the wa y they do in organizations on the basis of how they are remunerated, and this can be linked to customer satisfaction (White 2004). Coca Cola has spread its interest to its employers by working so closely with them by asking them to openly identify, communicate and discuss environment issues to the top management. It hands out global employee engagement surveys regularly to allow the employees to make suggestions concerning the companys performance, and thus provides checks and balances to ensure the mission statements objectives are well maintained. Customers Coca Colas mission statement focuses on identifying customers needs and fulfilling it. The company has worked hard to reach to its potential and existing customers by considering their views and suggestions when making decisions. Johnson et al (2005), explains that the most effective way to reach to the customer is listening to what they have to say about the company. The Coca Cola Company has done excellent job in creating a friendly, convenient and informative website to discuss the factors that affects its organizations. The website also allows the customers to give personal suggestion on the products offered by Coca Cola Company. It has also fulfilled it goal by fulfilling the customers needs. It has a range of products that can be consumes freely by any consumer irrespective of the status or income level. It has also nicely packaged products which makes it easy for customers to carry about. Conclusion In line with the definition of a good manager as argued by Hamel (2002), the performance of Coca Cola CEO can be summarized to be one of a good manager. According to Corner (2004), a companys CEO has the ability to influence decision making process in the organization. He has the ability to control the internal factors in the organization by focusing on the companys stakeholders. The CEO has to ensure that the company operates in line with the companys mission statement, and at the same time fulfilling the companys visionary goals. Coca Cola company has matched its mission statement by involving the employees, customers, suppliers and shareholders in the decision making process. It has implemented an open door style to its stakeholders in which any of them can go to the management in case of any problem. All this has made the CEO to think out of the box when making decisions in the company. It has also enabled the CEO to identify and solve small problems before they become big and irresolvable. The majority of the top managers have well rounded backgrounds in the company, and this gives the CEO an easy time in handling them. It has also allowed problems in the company to be looked at from multiple angles all of which ensures that the mission statement objectives are met. Coca Cola Company conducts annual chief executive officer performance evaluations, which ensure that he offers the best leadership for the company. His performance is measured against the companys goals and objectives as projected in the mission statement. Coca Cola has nearly 7 million potential customers and counts its success by its ability to satisfy more of their beverage demand and adding value to the customer. It also does this by placing the right products in the right market at the right time, thus making it a reliable source of beverages for its customers and thus maintains its corporate image as projected in the mission statement.

Essay --

e of performance enhancing drugs in sports Performance enhancing drugs should be prohibited in all associations in sports. Not only because it dismantles the playing field for all athketes but it ruins athlete’s lives and careers in many ways. Titles can be revokes and winnings can be rejected. The side effects are horrendous and it ruins the love for the sport each true athlete participates in. Athletes think that performance enhancing drugs level out the playing field and let all of the current athletes compete on the same level. This only will make things worse than they already seem. Currently there are players who trained day in and day out, putting in hard work every hour of the day, compete on the same level, and go the extra mile for the sport they love. They all compete to be the supiroror athlete but these are the ones that are being pushed to the side and not receiving any credit for their achievements. Athletes who use performance enhancing drugs have a huge advantage over athletes who don’t. athletes who do use these drug have a gain in strength, less body fat, and better bone density . Lance Armstrong is the best Cyclist out there today. He would win race after race, tour after tour, but he only accomplished this because of the use of performance enhancing drugs. He used a drug called EPO which is an illegal transfusion of oxygenated blood cells that are put into an athlete’s body to help their blood cells stay oxygenated. This drug would take the athletes ability to perform for a long period of time to a whole knew level. This gave players, cyclist, and runners such an advantage that they could be stripped of their titles or medals received if they were caught. Oprah Winfrey interviewed lance about his use of drugs.... ...e. He stated, â€Å"My son would walk the halls and tell kids that his dad did not use drugs or his dad was clean† (Oprah and Lance Armstrong). All competitors know that using performance enhancing drugs is wrong. But some know that it helps them get a step ahead of other athletes, risking their lives, family bond, and career. Even though these drugs are very desirer able the side effect are just not worth the risk. These drugs dismantle the playing field in all sports. It is not fair to other athletes who work their butts off day in and day out to achieve greatness. These drugs are not worth the risk. It’s not worth knowing that the only way you got to the top of the game was by cheating. A saying that everyone knows is cheaters never win... so get rid of performance enhancing drugs in sports or watch the concept of sports take a huge turn for the worse in the future .

Ethics of Human Cloning Essays -- Cloning Argumentative Persuasive Arg

Ethics of Human Cloning    On February 23, 1997 Dolly the lamb was literally made. She is not the work of nature or nature's God but of man, and Englishman, Ian Wilmut, and his fellow scientists. Dolly came into being not only asexually but also as the genetically identical copy of mature ewe, of whom she is a clone. When the startling news was heard throughout the world, there seemed to be substantial debate over the issue since it would open the doors for the possibility of human cloning. Most of the concerns that the opponents have emphasized in the debates have been ethical ones, yet there is not one clear answer to this issue. (McCarthy, 1999, 98) The first effect of the Dolly announcement was to fire the public imagination. Commentators were quick to speculate about the possibility of cloning a human. The Los Angeles Times opined that such a discovery" opens the door to a "blade Runner" world of human replicants. The Wall Street Journal asked business leaders and newsmakers whether they would like to have themselves cloned. Feminists observed that the technique finally made the men superfluous. (Wilder,1999,p180) Even though the cloning of Dolly seems to be unique to the public, yet not in the history of the scientific world. The word "clone" comes from the Greek for twig, and horticulturists have been taking cuttings and growing new plants from them for centuries. The word came into current usage when the renowned British biologist J.B.S. Haldane suggested in 1963 that it would be soon possible to create genetic duplicates of plants, animals, and even humans. The populace has neglected that roughly thirty years ago, it became public that a clutch of tadpoles was cloned in England through a... ...are to Hong Kong." From the government to the scientists, there is no clear answer in what they believe in human cloning, which this paper has showed. Even though I have researched this topic a great deal, I still have not figured out what the public as whole stand is on this issue,    Work Cited Burley, Justine; Harris, John 1999) Human Cloning. Journal of Medical Ethics v25 pg108 Edwords, Fred (1999) How Biotechnology is transforming what we believe in and how we live. Humanist v59 pg23. McCarthy, David (1999) Human Cloning. Journal Of Medical Ethics v25 pg. 98 Miele, Frank (1999) How close are we to cloning time. Skeptic v7 pg48. Wilder, Bruce (1999) From Bastardy to Cloning: Adaptations of Legal Thought for Unorthodox Reproduction. Human Rights Journal of the Section of Individual Rights and Responsibilities v154 p80.

How does Steinbeck use setting in his novellas Essay

Steinbeck uses the beginning of each chapter to paint the image of the room or location in which the chapter takes part. The main locations are the place near the pool, the bunkhouse, the dream farm, Crooks’ room, and the barn. Steinbeck picks items or feature of each place to help evoke the atmosphere of the place and to symbolise the greater ideas of the story. The idealised setting near the pool is where people start waiting to begin working towards the American dream, hoping to live an idealised existence; it acts as a canvas for their dreams to be painted upon. However, Crooks’ room and the bunkhouse represents the difficulty to reach the ‘American dream’. The barn is somewhere to reminisce about the struggle on the path to the idealised world. Then the last chapter of the novella returns to the place near the pool, this is when they know they have failed. That this is reality and it is clear it is just a dream. This cyclical structure shows the contra st about dream and reality. As mentioned the first chapter of the novella is set in the place near the pool. The setting resembles paradise. Somewhere you can be at peace. This fools Lennie into believing that he is safe when he is not. The picturesque setting makes people believe that dreams are attainable. There is great peace and tranquillity, as indicated by the fact that ‘deer come to drink in the dark.’ There is no one that can endanger their lives, the dears are not afraid of the predators, just as Lennie is not. But the danger that lurks underneath. This is illustrated in the killing of the snake by the heron ’a silent head and beak lanced down and plucked it out by the head, and the beak swallowed the little snake while it tail waved frantically’. Lennie’s arrival describe as ‘silent as a creeping bear’. Mirrors the arrival of the snake ‘A water snake glided smoothly up the pool, twisting its periscope head from side to side; and it swam the length of the pool’ this foreshadows Lennie’s death. The bunkhouse and Crook’s room are the two settings in which most of the novel la takes place. The settings contrast because the bunkhouse is plain, but Crooks’ room is full of possessions. The reason for this is Crooks is that he doesn’t have a chance @being a stable buck and a cripple he was more permanent than other men’ and he is black. In light of this the harness room is more than he can wish for. Crooks has ‘more possessions than he could carry on his back.’ This is a lot more than the other men, meaning that he is a more permanent inhabitant. On the other hand, the men in the bunkhouse  are transient and not move a lot of possessions. ‘Over each bunk there was apple box with the opening forward so that it made two shelves for the personal belongings of the occupant of the bed †¦ this shelves were loaded’. The men (except Crooks) share a long rectangular building with 20 other men, where they could have a whole farm to themselves; even if the men do not have a house to themselves they still try to create some persona l space and belongings. The dream farm is the fantastical world for the ranch workers to work and live in. this is the place where people feel free, and can do whatever they please ‘if we don’t like a guy we can say, â€Å"Get the hell out† an’ by God he would.’ This shows that they are they boss and do not ‘have to buck no barley eleven hours a day’. They could set their own rules. When they have this dream farm they would be independent. They do not have to be given food, money and shelter ‘No more running’ round the country and gettin’ fed by a Jap cook. No sir, we’d have our own place where we belonged and not sleep in no bunkhouse.’ In the dream farm they had a place where they could settle for once, they could even think about making a family, because they would be settled and have a regular income to support the family with. This is a dream that is currently impossible for them. The barn is a place to be supposedly safe as it is a place to shelter and protect the animals in. this is ironic as it is the place that Lennie kills he dog and Curley’s wife in the barn. All the places in the novella signify the hardships of life. The place near the pool symbolises the contrast between dreams and reality. The bunkhouse is a gateway to their ‘dream’. Crooks’ room shows the segregation and prejudice that was around in 1930s America. The barn represents loneliness and death. The fault of the dream farm is it does not actually exist.

Philips Versus Matsushita Case Essay

Philips and Matsushita are two giants in the global consumer electronics market. Their international strategies and organizations are very different — while the former pursued a localization strategy, the latter pursued a global standardization strategy; while the former made use of highly self-sufficient national organizations (NOs) for strong local responsiveness, the latter adopted †one product one division† structure for cost cutting. Nevertheless, both companies encountered their difficulties as global environment changed and have then undergone major restructuring over the years. So what are the recommendations for these companies to survive in the changing environment? Philips has developed local responsiveness through its decentralized structure of national organizations (NO). This structure has a great advantage in being able to sense and quickly respond to the differences in the local markets. As a result of product development is a function of the local market conditions. Philips had developed 8 major R&D facilities throughout the world that are highly specialized. They have been a success introducing such products as first color TV in its Canadian NO and first stereo TV in Australia. However, these inventions were not shared with the rest of the NOs in Philips because of the lack of communication between NOs and headquarters. For example, Philips’ Beta videocassette format wasn’t shared with other divisions as the strategically valuable invention, as a result North America Philips rejected this invention outright choosing instead to outsource and sell Matsushita’s VHS tapes. In order to prevent these strategic mistakes, the main role of the headquarters should be scanning of business activities across countries and identifying resources and capabilities that might be a source of competitive advantage for other companies in the firm. In the 1980s, Philips competitive position weakened significantly. Competition from rapid technological change, emergence of global standards for electronic equipment and low cost Japanese manufactures all contributed to the overtaking of Matsushita. Past efforts to develop technological capabilities abroad have f ailed due to the company’s highly centralized R&D structure in Japan. Matsushita have transferred significant resources to local R&D centers, however the delegation of many responsibilities and framework of R&D came from headquarters in Japan. This philosophy was not well accepted by engineers of the acquired local companies because of the excessive functional control from the headquarters.  As the result of central R&D dictatorship overseas companies were not able to develop innovative capability and entrepreneurship. The challenge for Philips is to adopt a more flexible integrative process to balance its decentralization with controls and put in place suitable global coordination mechanisms. As NOs take over the development, manufacturing, marketing and services functions on Philips, these powers have to be reallocated to a centralized module or directly sell to other companies so as to control their powers and facilitate global integration. Yet, the technology capabilities should not be a trade-off for cost cutting purposes as it is where Philipsà ¢â‚¬â„¢ core competency lies at. Customer-focused approaches like quality after-sales service or intensive market researched should be conducted to promote the strength of its technology and branding. Moreover, an information system should be established to allow free knowledge or information exchange between NOs. The challenge for Matsushita is to enhance its local responsiveness to balance its centralization with innovation and entrepreneurship and put in place suitable localization mechanisms. First, Matsushita should establish an information system for technology and produce development for all its subsidiaries. Global knowledge transfer is important to provide basic foundation and technical support for innovations. Second, Matsushita should form cross-functional teams to investigate the local market. By employing a diversified profile of people, they can give findings or suggestions on various parts of operations like customer-relationship management, manufacturing, marketing, rather than just produce development alone. Lastly, they should recruit more local talents to stimulate the company culture as well as gather more insightful thoughts.

Green River company Essay

Aberdeen facility is focused on the production of special missile canisters for US Navy. The peculiarity of the production lies in its extraordinary complexity. Canisters have many features that require special attention and careful assembling. Thus, the commitment of workers is the issue of crucial importance. Otherwise, the quality of product will suffer, which is absolutely inadmissible with regard to the nature of production. The privileged position of Aberdeen plant lies in the fact that it doesn’t actually have any competitors. It works for the only customer US Navy. However, it contains hidden threats as well, because there is always a chance of neglecting a quality of product knowing that there is no fight for a customer. The Aberdeen plant was started five years ago without using unions to regulate pay scales and define various job descriptions. It employs 100 employees and is much smaller in size than the Green River facility. The production line utilizes three-quarters of its employees. Bob Lancaster – the founder and the first manager of the plant — first introduced the innovative participative management. Lancaster based his management theory on â€Å"doing the right thing, trust and if you can fix it, do it†. This functioned as a collective, it took away fear from doing or not doing what is needed to complete a task and it also gave each individual the responsibility of solving a problem without having to go through a chain of command to get results. Ken Dailey, Green River plant manager, is intrigued with the management processes at the FMC Aberdeen facility and thus is willing to implement similar changes at Green River. Dailey is a progressive manager and wants to innovate the Green River plant with a progressive style of management as well as three new plants that the corporation plans on building. The major organizational issue pertaining to the possible changes is that of an organizational structure. Obviously, within the Green River plant we notice usual linear structure of organization where authority is delegated from the top to the bottom, from the higher manager to the manager of the lower level. There is a direct relationship between superior and subordinate, with each subordinate responsible to only one person. Line relationships are associated with functional or departmental division of work and organizational control. Line managers have authority and responsibility for all matters and activities within their own department (Sterman, 2000). It means that organizational structure at Green River doesn’t suppose any personal initiative or any social interaction beyond the processes and functions defined. Moreover, linear structure also doesn’t suppose any group discussions, since major decisions are taken above. In contrary, Aberdeen facility has more flat organizational structure, when every employee can turn to the higher level one with an initiative, complaint or offer. Such an organizational structure presupposes more communication and thus has greater impact on employee’s motivation. Flat organizational structure kills the fear towards management in employees and create more favorable working atmosphere. Considering two different types of organizational structure within two facilities, it is possible to say that organizational structure actually impacts the organizational culture and the way people perceive themselves and their importance to the organization, treat each other and behave i. e. working atmosphere that exists. (Brislin, 1993) Thus, in Green River company, people are brought together based on defined roles within the structure of the organization. The nature of the tasks to be done is a predominant feature within this facility. Management, certain rules and relationships, identify goals and norms of behavior are established. Thus, Green River’s organizational culture is very formal. As it was mentioned before, employees do not have a chance and stimulus to socially interact with each other, share their ideas and experience. It is possible to identify Green River’s organizational culture as the one of total control and power from the center. At Aberdeen, in contrary, organizational culture is more people oriented, â€Å"humanized† and caring. This so-called â€Å"human† approach to management has resulted, in particular, in active interaction between employees, as well as in the fact that 30% of all employees were represented by women and 8% by minorities. It helped to create a positive image of the plant in the yes of Aberdeen community and people outside as well.

Students Motivation And Its Relationship With Academic Performance Education Essay

In this papers it was traveling to discourse the helpful factors on motive for better academic public presentation. The motive of pupils is one of the of import issues in higher instruction, peculiarly owing to importance of academic public presentation in their professional life and besides it focused on placing the factors that will assist educational minds to cognize pupils ‘ attitudes towards acquisition, what hinders and what facilitates larning in the procedure of larning. This will help instruction community to foretell pupil academic public presentation and placing the pupils before their classs begin to fall ( Kamauru, 2000 ) . Lumsden ( 1994 ) has investigated which passion to larn seems to shrivel as kids grow. Learning sometimes becomes irresistible impulse than felicity, that ‘s why big figure of pupils foliages instruction before graduation. Due to unpleasant attitude of pupils towards instruction really few are really mentally present in the schoolroom. Student motive is the component that leads pupils ‘ attitude towards larning procedure. Number of surveies has been conducted to examine the function of pupil motive toward academic public presentation and different definitions of pupils ‘ motive have been used by assorted researches. Student motive is frequently separated into two types: Intrinsic motive and extrinsic motive. Intrinsic motive: A pupil is per se motivated when he/she is motivated from surrounded by: Intrinsically motivated pupils enthusiastically engage themselves in larning out of distinctive feature, attending, felicity or in order to accomplish their ain scholarly and personal purposes. Therefore pupils with intrinsic motive are more enthusiastic, self driven, disputing and experience pleasance in their surveies and pupils with extrinsic motive attempt to drag themselves with academic coursework, experience compelled to larn, and ever put minimal attempts to achieve maximal grasps. Intrinsically motivated, pupils tend to utilize schemes that require more attempt and that allow them to treat information more strongly. In intrinsic and extrinsic motive we have found the undermentioned beginnings of motive which has besides been confirmed by the pupils during informations aggregation. And besides each of these points has defined in following tabular array which has been used in design a questionnaire for intrinsic and extrinsic factors.At this clip, I am traveling to speak about research methodological analysis:2. Research Methodology:2.1 SampleThe sample involved of 342 university pupils of dissimilar plans in assorted universities of Islamabad and Lahore, Pakistan. The pupils were asked about how motivated they are about their university experience and what truly motivated them to analyze. The questionnaire was distributed among both female and male pupils. It involved 82 % male and 18 % female pupils in the study with an mean age of 20 old ages. The undermentioned proficient card contains the concise information sing research methodological analysis: aˆ? Purpose of survey Exploration aˆ? Types of probe Correlations aˆ? Extent of research workers interference Minimal aˆ? Study puting Non-contrived aˆ? Measurement Scaling aˆ? Unit of scrutiny Persons aˆ? Sampling design Simple random trying aˆ? Sample size N = 250 aˆ? Time skyline one shooting aˆ? Data aggregation method Questionnaire aˆ? Data analysis of Discrepancy The above given self descriptive table describes different parts of research methodological analysis in brief. For statistical purpose analysis of discrepancy has been conducted utilizing SPSS 17 version.2.2 Instrumentation and Measurement:The above mentioned self-explanatory tabular array contains the key of the points mentioned in the study questionnaire. This shows that each beginning in given due consideration in the study and points were assorted in the study sing the beginning of pupil motive.2.3 Procedure:The questionnaires were distributed indiscriminately among the pupils of different plans of different semesters and their responses were collected. Data was analyzed utilizing SPSS for Windows ( version 17.0 ) for precise analysis and consequences. Analysis included arrested development analysis, and analysis of discrepancy ( ANOVA ) .3. Consequence:The undermentioned study begins with the consequences of the respondents ‘ information on sections like linguistic communications and Gender. This survey, conducted on the pupil motive and its Impact on pupil public presentation, shown that 82.4 % respondents are male while 17.6 % female, who participated in this survey. Female section of the sample is moderately undistinguished in the survey. This survey reveals per centums of linguistic communications: of these, 34.5 % respon dents belong to Punjabi linguistic communication, 8.6 % respondents belong to Sindhi linguistic communication, 10.8 % respondents belong to Pashto linguistic communication, 6.5 % respondents belong to Saraiki linguistic communication, 33.5 % respondents belong to Urdu linguistic communication, 0.7 % respondents belong to Hindco linguistic communication and 5.4 % respondents belong to Baluchi linguistic communication. Different linguistic communications are spoken in assorted parts of the state. However, in one university pupils come from different parts of the state and talk different linguistic communications. Four major provincial linguistic communications and three other linguistic communications, normally spoken in some of the states, were besides included in the survey. Languages reflect cultural values of their ain states. Now we have a clear image of the respondents ‘ replies sing pupil motive and pupil public presentation.4. Discussion:Rejection of alternate options, c alling and makings and societal force per unit area instil the academic public presentation. In the same manner, intrinsic motive achieved through regard of selflessness, and self-exploration. This survey investigates student motive and its impact on pupil academic public presentation. Student public presentation will increase between 23 per centum and 34 per centum due to extrinsic and intrinsic motive. T-value of both tabular arraies shows relevant Importance of elements of extrinsic and intrinsic motive for academic public presentation. On the whole, theoretical account is Significant. This survey reveals R-square is 80 per centum which show strong relationship of pupils ‘ motive with their Performance. Academics public presentation will increase 34 per centum due to extrinsic motive where as faculty members Performance will increase 23 per centum due to intrinsic motive. Every pupil has diversified experience of cognition, abilities, endowments and aspirations and come from different Social, regional and political backgrounds that may impact their motive to larn. Some pupil holding great measure of accomplishment due to outdo schooling and other are frailty versa. However, pupil motive is a requirement of academic public presentation ( Masitsa, 2008 ) . Helpful acquisition in the schoolroom depends on the instructor ‘s capableness that creates involvement related to capable affair. Student public presentation depends upon the forces which are impacting during the surveies ( Erickson, 1978 ) . There is no extrasensory expression for accessing accurate degree of pupils ‘ Motivation other so extrinsic motive and intrinsic motive questionnaire.5. Decision and Recommendations:The survey examined the influence of pupil motive on academic public presentation. The survey found positive and reciprocally causal relationship between pupil ‘s m otive and pupil ‘s academic public presentation. This relationship is common, pregnant pupils who are more motivated do better and pupil who perform better go more motivated. In this survey, R-square is 80 per centum ; this shows really strong relationship of pupils ‘ motive with faculty members public presentation. T-value besides shows relevant significance of pupils ‘ motive toward the pupil faculty members public presentation. Extrinsic and intrinsic motives increase their academic public presentation between scopes of 23 per centum and 34 per centum. When we checked on single component of extrinsic motive and intrinsic motive, we found that Academics public presentation will increase 17 per centum due to rejection alternate option. Academics public presentation will heighten 9 per centum due to occupation making. Academicians public presentation will set in to 7 per centum because of societal pleasance. Academics public presentation will increase 4 per centum due to common force per unit area. Academics public presentation will increase 10 per centum due to self geographic expedition. Academics public presentation will increase 12 per centum due to selflessness. Blank ( 1997 ) ; Dev ( 1997 ) ; Kushman ( 2000 ) and Woods ( 1995 ) besides associated high motive and committedness in larning as consisted nexus to cut down dropout rates and addition degrees of pupil public presentation. From these findings we conclude that pupils who are per se motivated perform much better academically than pupils who are extrinsically motivated. Extrinsically motivated pupils might make a good occupation or execute good to accomplish a certain wages, but it does non maintain them motivated for long-run and overall public presentation does non alter or is consistent. They might transport out really good in one semester or quiz to accomplish a certain wages or end and so following semester might demo hapless public presentation because the wages did non be any longer. Their public presentation does non stay changeless as a consequence. Students ‘ who are per se motivated take up undertakings or execute good academically for their ain involvement and for their ain acquisition. These sorts of pupils are genuinely interested in larning and in accomplishing high ends. This shows in their overall consistent public presentation. From these consequences and Analysis, this survey concludes that academic public presentation is positively influenced by intrinsic motive and negatively affected by extrinsic motive. Additional research is required to turn to the inquiry that ‘How pupils ‘ intrinsic motive can be increased? ‘Critique In respect to research methodological analysis:At the first I guess it ‘s better to depict the motive which it did n't bespeak clearly and besides denominate different type of public presentation in this instance academic acquisition and larn how to measure the motive while it did n't bespeak in original paper base of literature reappraisal:Motivation:It is incentive, enthusiasm, or involvement that causes a specific action or certain behavior. There are two chief sorts of motive: intrinsic and extrinsic. Intrinsic motive is internal. It occurs when people are compelled to make something out of enjoyment, significance, or desire. Extrinsic motive occurs when exte rnal factors compel the individual to make something. A common topographic point that we see the demand to use motive is in the work topographic point. In the work force, we can see motivation play a cardinal function in leading and direction success. A individual unable to hold on motive and use it will non go or remain a leader. It is important that anyone seeking to take or actuate understand â€Å" How allow to Hierarchy of Work Motivators. † What all procedure theories have in common is an accent on the cognitive procedures in finding his or her degree of motive. Equity theory assumes that one of import cognitive procedure involves people looking about and detecting what attempt other people are seting into their work and what wagess follow them. This societal comparing procedure is driven by our concern for justness and equity. Research by Adams ( 1965 ) and others confirms equity theory as one of the most utile models for understanding work motive. The motivational force of a occupation can so be calculated if the anticipation, instrumentality and are known. The person ‘s abilities, characters, function perceptual experiences and chances cut down the motivational force. In this undertaking merely focal point is on motive and wanted to cognize about the relationship between academic public presentation and motive and merely speak about Extrinsic and Intrinsic factor while the other go-between and moderator factor possibly wholly lay waste to the relationship between the even those pupil although have a intrinsic motive as in this paper in consequence portion you see as a important factor but due to such a factor it ca n't travel good and do n't alter the public presentation as it was expected. I merely want to reexamine some of these articles about the other factors that can be helpful. In cognitive-motivational procedure theoretical account ( Vollmeyer, R. & A ; Rheinberg, F. ( 1998 ) . Motivationally EinfluA?sse auf Erwerb and Anwendung von Wissen in einem computersimulierten System. [ Motivational influences on the acquisition and application of cognition in a fake system. ] Zeitschrift fuA?r PaA?dagogische Psychologie, 12, 11-23. ) Motivational factors imagine that have an consequence on public presentation via go-betweens. Such a possible go-between is continuity. Besides in this paper the research worker did research on 51 pupils learnt a complex moral force system. They measured their initial motive ( mastery assurance, incompetency fright, involvement and challenge ) , so a set of interceding variables during larning. Performance steps were knowledge acquisition and cognition application. In this paper it was shown a path-analysis showed that initial motive influenced continuity and it have direct consequence on public presentation and should take in consideration that sometimes extremely relentless scholars did non hold higher average concluding public presentation, despite geting more cognition over tests. So public presentation is one of the possible go-between that in ( Regina Vollmeyer * , Falko Rheinberg ( 2000 ) this paper it has discussed. Besides in another survey we can see that ( Bandura, 1991 ) combines motive and knowledge into a cognitive-motivational position. He defined motive as a â€Å" multidimensional phenomenon indexed in footings of choice of chases from viing options, strength of attempt, and continuity of effort † ( p. 158 ) . For larning this means that motive non merely affects what people learn, but besides the strength and the continuance of the acquisition activities. So as you can see in this survey although motive has considered as a multidimensional phenomenon, but the indexes is non harmonizing to this paper. In another survey, ( Rheinberg, 1997, p. 14 ) defined motive as something that â€Å" provides an drift towards a end for all current procedures † . In making so, motive influences the manner people learn. Vollmeyer and Rheinberg ( 1998 ) proposed a cognitive-motivational procedure theoretical account. The interaction between motive and knowledge is described in more item by Schiefele and Rheinberg ( 1997 ) . They argued that motive can impact three facets of acquisition: ( 1 ) Continuity and frequence of larning activities. ( 2 ) Manner of performed learning activities. ( 3 ) Motivational and functional provinces of the scholar during larning. These three facets define the model, within which we looked for variables that may intercede the consequence initial motive has on public presentation. Besides different type of acquisition is one of the issues that did n't bespeak in the chief paper but in Schiefele and Rheinberg ( 1997 ) has wholly indicated. In corroborating the relationship between motive and public presentation but in different type in work topographic point we can see: The motivational theoretical account holds that more chances to take part in determination devising supply subsidiaries with greater intrinsic wagess from work ( Conger & A ; Kanungo, 1988 ; Thomas & A ; Velthouse, 1990 ) and higher degrees of psychological authorization ( Spreitzer, 1995 ) , which may ensue in improved work public presentation. In add-on to, the other go-between factor between motive and public presentation as a consequence of a meta-analysis conducted by Eby, Freeman, Rush, and Lance ( 1999 ) revealed that intrinsic motive mediates the nexus between the participative direction behavior of supervisors and the organisational committedness of employees and their work public presentation.( XU HUANG1, ET al.2010 )Furthermore there is some other documents that confirm the some other factors for increasing the motive For case Lumsden, ( 1994 ) analyzed pupils ‘involvement towards instruction and beginnings of their motive. Marshal ( 1987 ) viewed pupils ‘ motive as a force beneficial to the scholar. Ames ( 1990 ) stated that motive to acquisition is dependent on long-run, choice fond regard in acquisition and pledge to the procedure of larning. Most motive philosopher believes that motive is involved in the public presentation of all learned responses and leaned behaviors will non happen unless it is energized.Bomia et Al. ( 1997 ) has suggested pupil motive as pupil acuteness, demand, desire and duty to take part and be dining in the acquisition procedure.Some other Critical Theory in Motivation and public presentation:Consequence of content theories of motive:There are some other theories in motive and academic public presentation which is more related to organisational behavior such as Maslow and ERG theory that in this portion we want to lucubrate more in footings of different demands of employee to acquire satisfy and increase their academic public presentation. Sing that we can see in order to actuate pupil in instance of maximise their academic public presentation to achieve higher scaling we need to run into their basic demands at first due to Maslow and Alderfer ERG theories which belong to content theories of motive as it is illustrated above.Pygmalion consequence on motive and public presentation:It is deserving adverting that pupil public presentation increases merely if we can actuate them. Besides another factor should be highlighted in this respect and that is theory of carry throughing prognosis. This theory negotiations about Pygmalion consequence. The Pygmalion effect enables pupil to stand out in response to the parent and their lector ‘s message that they are capable of success and expected to win. The Pygmalion consequence can besides sabotage pupil public presentation when the elusive communicating from the director tells them the converse. Supposing if a pupil is amateurish, he leaves cicatrixs on the callings, cuts deeply into their self-esteem and distorts their image of himself/herself as human being. But if he/she is adept and has high outlooks of his/her subsidiaries, their confidence will turn, their capablenesss will develop and their efficiency will be high. If the lector really believes that every pupil has the ability to do a positive part at his/her surveies, the telegraphing of that message, either consciously or automatically, will positively hold an consequence on academic public presentation.In respect to discussion portion:While in the treatment portion all the alternate except the intrinsic factors reject we review the literature about Motivational factors and academic acquisition: When a scholar approaches a acquisition undertaking, the literature suggests that several motivational factors are relevant and can be measured: ( Regina Vollmeyer * , Falko Rheinberg, 2000 ) . 1. Learners can change in their certainty that they will win in understanding the undertaking. This factor we will name command assurance ( similar constructs have been proposed: e.g. , subjective chance of success and self-efficacy ( Bandura, 1977 ) . 2. Learners can differ in their anxiousness about neglecting in the undertaking. This factor we will name incompetency fright ( a similar construct is Atkinson ‘s fright of failure, nevertheless, for him this construct is measured as a trait whereas we assess a individual ‘s existent province ) ; ( Regina Vollmeyer * , Falko Rheinberg, 2000 ) . 3. Learners may change in the grade to which they perceive this undertaking as a challenge. Perceiving the undertaking as a challenge requires a personal accomplishment criterion for this undertaking against which to prove undertaking public presentation. 4. The undertaking may or may non arouse the scholar ‘s involvement. All these motivational factors are said to impact acquisition ; nevertheless, it has non been clearly shown how. In conformity with our cognitive-motivational procedure theoretical account ( Vollmeyer & A ; Rheinberg, 1998 ) , we investigated the premise that these four motivational factors influence larning via the undermentioned three go-betweens: The motivational province during acquisition, The systematicity of scholars ‘ schemes The figure of larning rounds the scholars intentionally chooses to pass bettering their cognition ( continuity ) . ( Regina Vollmeyer * , Falko Rheinberg, 2000 ) .In respect to decision and recommendationSUMMERY: AThe purpose of this assignment was to reexamine a equal reviewed journal article that is research based, and is representative of one of the research methodologies we discussed in category ( administer the questionnaire for measuring the merely two concept motive and academic public presentation. The format of the article has the visual aspect of a thesis because it has many of the same constituents. It starts with an abstract that discusses the chief points of the research and the consequences. After reading the article, I found that the abstract failed to advert the other grounds that affect the public presentation except motive of pupil that the research was based on. The research methodological analysis used in this survey was studies analyzed in a quantitative design. More peculiarly, merely one study instruments was introduced in the article, and merely it was used. It was a questionnaire which was designed and developed by Neil ( 2004 ) step pupil ‘s motive and it was called â€Å" The University Student Motivation and Satisfaction Questionnaire version 2 † ( TUSMSQ2 ) .It was an instrument contains 30-items. The inquiries measure both Intrinsic and Extrinsic motive of pupils and one the job is that variable which was analysed in this paper merely concentrate on internal and external characteristic of motive.

Bone Cancer

Bone cancer is bone cancer, the cause is unknown. Researchers are working hard to find new ways and remedies for treating this type of cancer. In order to better understand new research and new treatments, some background information is presented. Bone cancer may be diagnosed as primary or secondary bone cancer. Primary bone cancer is the time when bone cancer begins to occur. Secondary cancer is diagnosed when cancer begins elsewhere and spreads to bone. For example, if someone has breast cancer, prostate cancer, or lung cancer, cancer spreads to the bone and finally develops bone cancer, it is explained as secondary bone cancer. Bone cancer is a very rare invasive cancer that causes considerable pain in the patient's bone. Bone cancer is a disease that occurs on or in the bones. In most cases, bone cancer usually contains tumors filled with abnormal cells appearing outside the bone. As with other types of cancer, bone cancer can cause a lot of pain and potentially life-threatening. My mother was diagnosed as primary bone cancer last year. And that is a long and difficult process for her and her family. Bone cancer is a malignant tumor arising from the cells that make up the bones of the body. This is also known as primary bone cancer. Primary bone tumor is a tumor that appears in the bone tissue itself and is benign or malignant (bone cancer). Benign benign (noncancerous) tumors are more common than bone cancers. When cancer occurs in bone, the cancer occurs in bone (like primary bone cancer), or it occurs in other parts and then transfers to bone (metastasis or secondary metastasis to cancer ). In fact, when cancer is detected in the bone it usually starts with another organ or part of the body and then spreads to the bone. This cancer that metastasizes to the bone is named after the name of the site where the original cancer began (for example, metastatic prostate cancer metastasized to bone). Breast cancer, prostate cancer, and lung cancer are types of can cers that metastasize to the bone at an advanced stage. Osteosarcoma. Osteosarcoma is the most common form of bone cancer. In this type of tumor, cancer cells make bones. This type of bone cancer most commonly occurs in children and young people, bones of feet and arms. In rare cases, osteosarcoma may occur outside bone (exoskeleton osteosarcoma) Bone cancer is a rare type of cancer derived from human bone structure. Bone cancer can occur in every human bone, but it usually occurs in the long bones of the upper limbs and lower limbs of humans. Several types of bone malignancies are known, some affect the children, others primarily affect adults (Mayo Clinic, 2015, page 1). The more common types of bone malignancies are: (A) osteosarcoma, a type of malignant tumor. Bone Cancer Bone cancer is bone cancer, the cause is unknown. Researchers are working hard to find new ways and remedies for treating this type of cancer. In order to better understand new research and new treatments, some background information is presented. Bone cancer may be diagnosed as primary or secondary bone cancer. Primary bone cancer is the time when bone cancer begins to occur. Secondary cancer is diagnosed when cancer begins elsewhere and spreads to bone. For example, if someone has breast cancer, prostate cancer, or lung cancer, cancer spreads to the bone and finally develops bone cancer, it is explained as secondary bone cancer. Bone cancer is a very rare invasive cancer that causes considerable pain in the patient's bone. Bone cancer is a disease that occurs on or in the bones. In most cases, bone cancer usually contains tumors filled with abnormal cells appearing outside the bone. As with other types of cancer, bone cancer can cause a lot of pain and potentially life-threatening. My mother was diagnosed as primary bone cancer last year. And that is a long and difficult process for her and her family. Bone cancer is a malignant tumor arising from the cells that make up the bones of the body. This is also known as primary bone cancer. Primary bone tumor is a tumor that appears in the bone tissue itself and is benign or malignant (bone cancer). Benign benign (noncancerous) tumors are more common than bone cancers. When cancer occurs in bone, the cancer occurs in bone (like primary bone cancer), or it occurs in other parts and then transfers to bone (metastasis or secondary metastasis to cancer ). In fact, when cancer is detected in the bone it usually starts with another organ or part of the body and then spreads to the bone. This cancer that metastasizes to the bone is named after the name of the site where the original cancer began (for example, metastatic prostate cancer metastasized to bone). Breast cancer, prostate cancer, and lung cancer are types of can cers that metastasize to the bone at an advanced stage. Osteosarcoma. Osteosarcoma is the most common form of bone cancer. In this type of tumor, cancer cells make bones. This type of bone cancer most commonly occurs in children and young people, bones of feet and arms. In rare cases, osteosarcoma may occur outside bone (exoskeleton osteosarcoma) Bone cancer is a rare type of cancer derived from human bone structure. Bone cancer can occur in every human bone, but it usually occurs in the long bones of the upper limbs and lower limbs of humans. Several types of bone malignancies are known, some affect the children, others primarily affect adults (Mayo Clinic, 2015, page 1). The more common types of bone malignancies are: (A) osteosarcoma, a type of malignant tumor.